Postoperative pain management in elderly patients: an integrative review

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594732405083

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• Abstract:

  Introduction: Postoperative pain has long been recognized as a critical concern in patient recovery. Effective treatment of postoperative pain is critical not only for the immediate well-being of the patient but also to prevent chronicity of pain and its associated complications. Traditionally, opioids have been the mainstay of postoperative analgesia, despite their adverse effects and risk of addiction. 1Methodology: This study adopts the integrative literature review approach, the research selected studies published between 2019 and 2024, using specific descriptors in databases such as MEDLINE, WPRIM and Google Scholar, of the articles found seven were selected and analyzed, where it was demonstrated that multimodal analgesia is effective in the treatment of postoperative pain and contributes to the reduction of the use of opioids. Discussion: Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of multimodal analgesia in procedures. For a more detailed analysis on the topic in question, we categorized the selected articles into 1- Effectiveness of Multimodal Analgesia Techniques, 2- Challenges and Specific Considerations in Elderly Patients, 3- Recent Developments and Innovations in Analgesia Techniques. Conclusion: Multimodal anesthesia in the postoperative period of the elderly offers an effective and safe method for pain control, promoting faster recovery and minimizing the risks associated with excessive use of opioids. The adoption of these strategies in clinical practice can significantly improve surgical outcomes and the quality of life of elderly patients.