Epidemiological profile of paraquat poisoning in Rio Grande do Sul: retrospective study (2014-2023)

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.15953126020115

• Palavras-chave: Poisoning; Paraquat; Pesticides; Epidemiology; Public Health.

• Keywords: Poisoning; Paraquat; Pesticides; Epidemiology; Public Health.

• Abstract:

  Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of paraquat poisoning cases recorded at the Toxicological Information Center of Rio Grande do Sul between 2014 and 2023. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted using the online database of a state surveillance system. Variables such as gender, age group, circumstances, route of exposure, Regional Health Coordination Office, and initial clinical manifestations were analyzed. The data were processed in spreadsheets and analyzed by absolute and relative frequencies. Results: During the period, 342 poisonings were recorded. Males were the most affected (81.87%), mainly adults aged 30 to 49 years (45.32%). Clinical symptoms were present in 83.63% of cases. As for the circumstances, accidents prevailed (48.83%), followed by suicide attempts (25.15%) and occupational exposures (23.78%). The oral route was the most frequent (33.04%), followed by the respiratory (27.78%) and ocular (19.01%) routes. The 6th Coordination Office accounted for 25.15% of cases. The peak occurred in 2018 (16.96%), decreasing after the ban. Conclusion: Although the use of paraquat has been banned, its poisoning remains relevant in the state, reflecting occupational and mental health risks. The profile found points to greater vulnerability in economically active men, reinforcing the importance of integrated surveillance and prevention measures.