O RISCO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE DIABETES MELLITUS DEVIDO AO USO DE ESTATINAS - UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
O RISCO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE DIABETES MELLITUS DEVIDO AO USO DE ESTATINAS - UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.82081725081015
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Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento; Diabetes Mellitus; Estatina.
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Keywords: Develop; Diabetes mellitus; Statin.
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Abstract: Statin therapy is the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events due to its significant reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). However, a moderate but significant risk of developing new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) has been identified, a condition that requires clinical surveillance. This integrative literature review sought to synthesize current knowledge on the association between statin use and NODM, encompassing its epidemiological aspects, pathophysiological mechanisms, and research gaps. The search was conducted in the VHL Regional Portal, PubMed, and Capes Journal Portal databases, using the descriptors "develop," "diabetes mellitus," and "statin" for articles published between January 2020 and July 2025. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 articles were selected for analysis. The results indicate that the risk of NODM is dose-dependent and increased in patients with pre-existing metabolic susceptibility, such as hypertension and obesity. The pathophysiology of this side effect is increased insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Therefore, in clinical practice, the use of pravastatin and pitavastatin is recommended as strategies for lower diabetes risk, and polypharmacy can alter the risks. Although the risk of NODM is identified, its cardiovascular benefits outweigh its consequences. In contrast to the need for cardiovascular protection, an individual and heterogeneous response is observed. Therefore, there is an urgent need to invest in the development of predictive biomarkers and risk scores for personalized prescriptions. Therefore, the risk of NODM emerges as a side effect that requires continuous and periodic glycemic monitoring. Clinical monitoring aims to reduce risks and ensure cardiovascular efficacy remains, without affecting long-term metabolic safety.
- Luis Felipe Borges Ribas
- Ramon Fraga de Souza Lima