THE ROLE OF THE ANGPTL3 PROTEIN IN LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM AND ITS THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL FOR DYSLIPIDEMIA

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.159552515012

• Palavras-chave: ANGPTL3, dyslipidemia, lipid metabolism, precision therapy

• Keywords: ANGPTL3, dyslipidemia, lipid metabolism, precision therapy

• Abstract:

  The ANGPTL3 protein plays a central role in lipid metabolism, regulating triglyceride (TG) and LDL-C levels, and is a promising therapeutic target for the management of refractory dyslipidemia and high cardiovascular risk. This study reviewed the literature on the mechanisms of action of ANGPTL3 and advances in therapies based on its inhibition, including agents such as evinacumab, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and emerging technologies such as gene editing. Thirty articles published between 2020 and 2024 in PubMed were selected. The results indicate that ANGPTL3 inhibition significantly reduces LDL-C and TG levels, promoting benefits in high-risk populations, such as patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH). In addition, ANGPTL3-targeted vaccines and RNA-based therapies show promise in lipid modulation and cardiovascular risk reduction. However, challenges such as accessibility, high cost and lack of longitudinal studies limit their implementation on a large scale. It is concluded that ANGPTL3 inhibition represents an innovative and effective therapeutic approach with the potential to transform the management of severe dyslipidemia and reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease. Future studies should focus on cost-effective strategies, long-term validation and personalization of interventions, promoting greater accessibility and clinical impact.