MICRORNAS AND PANCREATIC DUCTAL ADENOCARCINOMA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594662404072

• Palavras-chave: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Tumor Development, MicroRNAs, Tumor Biomarkers.

• Keywords: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Tumor Development, MicroRNAs, Tumor Biomarkers.

• Abstract:

  Pancreatic cancer (PC) is considered one of the malignant tumors of the annexed organs of the gastrointestinal system that presents the highest mortality rates, presents non-specific clinical symptoms and the diagnosis is normally made only in advanced stages. In 2020, around 495,773 new cases and 466,003 deaths from PC were recorded worldwide, with a worrying mortality rate of 93.9%. PC involvement and mortality are prominent in Asia and Europe Asia, in Brazil, PC ranks 6th in mortality and 10th in incidence, in addition, there is a predominance of this event, mostly in men globally. MiRNAs are non-coding molecules that play a role in regulating gene expression, regulating the expression of more than 60% of protein-coding genes in humans, providing the ability to modulate biological processes, involving the cell cycle, apoptosis, tumor invasion, differentiation cellular and stress response. More than 700 miRNAs have been reported so far, covering approximately 3% of the human genome. In the case of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), several microRNAs are associated with the development, involvement and progression of PC, therefore, this research seeks to analyze the main miRNAs (such as miR-21 which is frequently overexpressed, miR-196a which may be related to a worse prognosis, and miR-210 which has been identified as a miRNA with positive prognostic potential) to determine and identify the relationship between the development of PDAC and miRNAs, in a systematic review of the literature since the scientific literature is vast and fragmented, making it difficult to obtain a comprehensive and updated overview of the role of miRNAs in this disease. Therefore, a systematic review of the literature is necessary to synthesize and critically analyze the available evidence on miRNAs and PDAC, providing a solid basis for future studies and clinical applications.