MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PNEUMONIA ASSOCIATED WITH VENTILATORY SUPPORT IN PATIENTS INTERNED IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT OF A PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN SANTA CATARINA, BRAZIL

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.1592132203038

• Palavras-chave: Pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation; ICU; Bacterial resistance; multi-resistance.

• Keywords: Pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation; ICU; Bacterial resistance; multi-resistance.

• Abstract:

  Introduction: Pneumonia associated with ventilatory support (VAP), acquired in Intensive Care Units (ICUs), are a relevant cause of risk of death. In addition, antimicrobial resistance of the bacteria involved in these infections is on the rise, making treatment difficult. Goal: To evaluate the microbiological profile and bacterial resistance of bronchoalveolar lavage isolates from patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a public hospital, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Methods: A retrospective, quantitative cross-sectional study of adult patients with VAP admitted to the ICU from 2017 to 2019. Clinical, demographic and microbiological culture results were obtained from electronic medical records. The data were arranged in excel sheets and the results were expressed in absolute numbers and percentages. Results: Of the total number of patients investigated, microorganisms grew in 102 (64.5%) individuals, while 56 (35.5%) only used clinical criteria to define VAP. The mean age was 52.7 years, with the majority being male, 67.7%. The mean intubation time was 11.2 days. The most frequent microorganisms were Gram negative bacilli 59.8% and Gram positive cocci 40.1%. Of the most prevalent species, the Staphylococcus aureus was observed in 33.3% samples, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 23.4% and Acinetobacter baumannii 10.7%. In the analysis of the antimicrobial resistance profile, the Acinetobacter baumannii showed greater resistance, being 81.9% resistant to imipenem, meropenem, cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin; at second place, the Klebsiella pneumoniae showed resistance to ampicillin 85.7%, to ampicillin + sulbactam 71.4%, to ceftazidime 66.6%, to gentamicin 50% and to cefepime: 50%. The Staphylococcus aureus showed a greater resistance profile to penicillins (83.5%), without MRSA isolates. Conclusion: Acinetobacter baumannii was the only carbapenemase-producing species, and it is necessary to expand the study to follow the VAP treatment protocols.  

• Número de páginas: 15