México: XXXIV National Chemistry Olympiad, 2025: Synthesis of Fluorescein, Solvent-Free Reaction
México: XXXIV National Chemistry Olympiad, 2025: Synthesis of Fluorescein, Solvent-Free Reaction
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.153222529048
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Palavras-chave: síntese de fluoresceína, , educação em química verde, cromatografia em camada delgada, análise estatística de dados cromatográficos, estimativa de intervalo de confiança
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Keywords: fluorescein synthesis, green chemistry education, thin-layer chromatography, statistical analysis of chromatographic data, confidence interval estimation
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Abstract: In this work, we present the experiment performed by the students participating in the XXXIV National Chemistry Olympiad, held from February 19 to 23, 2025, in the city of Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico. A total of 123 high school students took part, representing 31 federal entities into which the Mexican Republic is divided. In this experiment, the students synthesized fluorescein via a double electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, followed by elimination steps, starting from one equivalent of phthalic anhydride and two equivalents of resorcinol. The product was isolated and purified by successive washes with cold water. Its identification was carried out by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), which allowed the differentiation of the product from the starting materials based on their respective Rf values.
- Manuel Gudiño Negrete
- Eva Florencia Lejarazo Gómez
- Eloy Rodríguez de León
- David Octavio Corona Martínez
- Fernando León Cedeño
