METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: ENGAJAMENTO E APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA
METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: ENGAJAMENTO E APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.81782426050411
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Palavras-chave: Metodologias Ativas Aprendizagem Significativa, Formação Docente.
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Keywords: Active Methodologies, Meaningful Learning, Teacher Training
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Abstract: This study examines the role of Active Methodologies (AMs) in Brazilian elementary education, particularly in the final years, as an alternative to the traditional transmissive model that has contributed to dropout, lack of interest, and mechanical learning. Contemporary society demands competencies such as critical thinking, collaboration, and autonomy, which are not fostered by rote memorization. The theoretical framework draws on Ausubel (2000), who emphasizes meaningful learning anchored in students’ prior knowledge, and Vygotsky (1998/2007), who highlights the importance of social interaction within the Zone of Proximal Development. It also incorporates Freire’s (1996) critique of banking education and the competency-based approaches proposed by Perrenoud (2000) and Zabala (1998). The study analyzes strategies such as the Flipped Classroom, which optimizes face-to-face time; Project/Problem-Based Learning (PBL), which develops research and collaboration; Blended Learning, which personalizes instruction; and Gamification, which engages students through game mechanics. Findings indicate that AMs foster student protagonism and engagement but face challenges such as limited infrastructure and rigid curricula. Effective implementation requires continuous teacher training, curricular flexibility, and collaborative spaces for pedagogical reflection. Overall, AMs represent a promising path for transforming basic education into a more meaningful and engaging experience.
- Thaís dos Santos Costa Rodrigues Raiths