Intoxicação de metais pesados em Psitacídeos - Revisão de literatura
Intoxicação de metais pesados em Psitacídeos - Revisão de literatura
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.8275212601045
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Palavras-chave: intoxicação, metais pesados, psitaciformes.
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Keywords: poisoning, heavy metals, psittaciformes.
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Abstract: Heavy metal poisoning is the most common form of toxicosis recorded in birds. Psittaciformes, widely popular for their intelligence and sociability, are particularly vulnerable due to their curious nature and habit of exploring objects with their beaks, often ingesting non-food materials. Exposure primarily occurs through fragments of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) found in galvanized cages, peeled paint, and coins. Toxicity results from excessive absorption, with the metals accumulating in vital organs (liver, kidneys, bones, and CNS), causing oxidative stress, enzymatic blockade, and neurotoxicity. Pb causes microcytic anemia, encephalopathy, and, in psittacines, can lead to paresis or paralysis of the pelvic limbs. Zn is associated with hemolytic anemia and hepatic/renal failure. Diagnosis is based on clinical history, signs, and laboratory tests. Radiography may show radiopaque material in the digestive tract. Atomic absorption spectrometry is the gold standard for metal quantification. Treatment requires source removal and the use of chelating agents, such as calcium disodium EDTA (CaEDTA), to promote renal excretion. In severe cases, surgical removal or gastric lavage, and nutritional support are essential. Early identification and intervention are crucial for the prognosis.
- Aline Nascimento Capucho
- Igor Felipe dos Santos
- Giovanna Victória Foschi de Oliveira
- Ana Eliza Casagrande Pirozzi
- Gianinne Faduli Muchizuki de Carvalho
- Luís Miguel da Silva Rodrigues
- Celmira Calderón