Acute Respiratory Failure: Integrated Approach to Diagnosis, Treatment and Alternatives to Invasive Mechanical Ventilation

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594732405088

• Palavras-chave: accute breathing insufficiency.

• Keywords: accute breathing insufficiency.

• Abstract:

  Acute respiratory failure (ARF) occurs when the respiratory system cannot maintain adequate oxygenation and ventilation, compromising oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal, resulting in hypoxia and hypercapnia. Traditional treatment includes invasive mechanical ventilation, but non-invasive alternatives, such as positive pressure ventilation and high-flow oxygen support, have shown benefits in certain cases. The bibliographic review covers recent and relevant articles in Portuguese and English that detail the characteristics, diagnoses and treatment methods of IRpA collected through searches on platforms such as PubMed and Scopus. Its objective is a comprehensive understanding of the topic. Management of IRpA includes airway clearance, oxygen therapy and, when necessary, invasive ventilation.

  The study concludes that treatment must be adapted to the patient's specific conditions, with an emphasis on identifying and correcting the underlying cause of respiratory failure.