Innovative Approaches in the Surgical Management of Giant Facial Melanocytic Nevus: A Focus on Tissue Expanders

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.15946924250710

• Palavras-chave: Giant Facial Melanocytic Nevus; Tissue Expanders; Facial Reconstruction Surgery; Pediatric Dermatology.

• Keywords: Giant Facial Melanocytic Nevus; Tissue Expanders; Facial Reconstruction Surgery; Pediatric Dermatology.

• Abstract: INTRODUCTION The article introduces giant facial melanocytic nevus (GFMN) as a significant congenital condition characterized by large pigmented lesions on the face. It discusses the challenges posed by GFMN due to its potential for malignancy and profound psychosocial impacts. The introduction outlines the historical treatment approaches and highlights tissue expansion as a superior method for achieving better aesthetic results and preserving facial contour. The etiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic evaluation of GFMN are also covered. OBJETIVE Evaluate the Effectiveness: To assess the effectiveness of tissue expanders in reducing the size of giant facial melanocytic nevi (GFMN) and improving aesthetic outcomes. METHODS This is a narrative review which included studies in the MEDLINE – PubMed (National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health), COCHRANE, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases, using as descriptors: “Congenital Melanocytic Nevi” AND “Tissue Expansion Techniques” AND “Facial Reconstruction” AND “Pediatric Dermatology” AND “Surgical Outcomes” in the last  years. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results section emphasizes the effectiveness of tissue expanders in significantly reducing GFMN size and achieving superior aesthetic outcomes compared to traditional methods. It reports high levels of patient satisfaction, improvements in self-esteem, and enhanced facial symmetry post-surgery. The section also addresses complication rates, including infection and scarring, and discusses strategies for minimizing these issues. Additionally, the role of imaging in preoperative planning, innovations in expander design, and the importance of patient education are highlighted. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the article underscores the significant advancements in using tissue expanders for the correction of GFMN, highlighting their role in improving aesthetic outcomes and quality of life for patients. It calls for ongoing research and technological innovations to further refine this technique and optimize patient care. The future of tissue expansion in reconstructive surgery is presented as promising, with potential for expanded applications and improved patient outcomes globally.