INFLUENCE OF INFLUENZA ON THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND VACCINATION AS A PROTECTIVE MEASURE

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.15931022315124

• Palavras-chave: myocardial infarction; human influenza; vaccination; atherosclerosis; inflammation.

• Keywords: myocardial infarction; human influenza; vaccination; atherosclerosis; inflammation.

• Abstract:

  Introduction: Coronary heart disease, especially acute myocardial infarction (AMI), is one of the leading global causes of death. Since the 1930s, the hypothesis that influenza can trigger acute cardiovascular events and death has been considered. Confirming this association is crucial, as fatal cardiovascular events resulting from influenza may be preventable through vaccination. The literature review aims to understand the influence of influenza on the pathophysiology of AMI, exploring the interconnections between cardiovascular health and immunological response, emphasizing the importance of vaccination as an essential protective measure against mortality associated with AMI. Method: A narrative review of the databases was carried out: PubMed, Virtual Health Library (VHL), Scielo and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The key words used were "myocardial infarction", "human influenza", "vaccination", "atherosclerosis" and "inflammation" to select the 19 articles used. Discussion: It is currently known that there is an interconnection between influenza and AMI, which occurs through the production of cytokines, cellular transformation and platelet activation. Furthermore, the influenza virus prefers vascular structures, contributing to cardiovascular dysfunction. Furthermore, several studies support the protective efficacy of vaccination, indicating its relevance as a preventive and therapeutic measure in the context of influenza-associated AMI. Conclusion: Based on the evidence presented, we conclude that influenza can trigger myocardial infarction through the induction of inflammation and platelet activation. It is important to highlight the crucial role of vaccination as a protective factor, capable of significantly reducing the mortality rate from cardiovascular events.