IMPLANON AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH: EFFECTS ON MENSTRUAL CYCLES, FERTILITY AND VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.15949924141110

• Palavras-chave: "Implanon", "menstrual cycles", "fertility and vascular complications".

• Keywords: "Implanon", "menstrual cycles", "fertility and vascular complications".

• Abstract:

  INTRODUCTION: Implanon is a long-acting contraceptive method that has become popular due to its effectiveness and ease of use. However, its acceptance and continued use are often influenced by side effects, such as changes in menstrual cycles, concerns about fertility and potential vascular complications. Existing literature suggests that these factors can significantly impact the reproductive health of women who use this method. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this systematic review include: (1) Evaluating the effects of Implanon on the menstrual cycles of female users; (2) Investigating the relationship between Implanon use and fertility after implant removal; (3) Analyzing the vascular complications associated with Implanon use; (4) Identifying the factors that contribute to discontinuation of Implanon use; and (5) Proposing evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice and public health policy. METHODOLOGY: The systematic review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Lilacs, VHL and Google Scholar. Relevant studies addressing the effects of Implanon on menstrual cycles, fertility and vascular complications were selected. The analysis included cohort studies, cross-sectional studies and previous reviews, focusing on quantitative and qualitative data. The quality of the studies was assessed using established criteria, and the data was synthesized to identify patterns and gaps in the literature. RESULTS: The results indicated that Implanon users often report menstrual changes, such as irregular bleeding and amenorrhea, which are the main reasons for discontinuing the method. Most women regain fertility quickly after implant removal, but the perception that the method can affect fertility in the long term persists. Vascular complications, although rare, have been identified as a significant risk, especially in women with predisposing factors. CONCLUSION: Although Implanon is an effective contraceptive method, its acceptance and continuity depend on factors related to users' reproductive health. Adequate education and counseling are essential to reduce early discontinuation and improve the experience of use, especially through clear information about side effects, reversibility of fertility and possible risks. Evidence-based strategies can improve user satisfaction and reproductive health outcomes for women who opt for long-acting contraceptive methods.