Impacto da profilaxia antibiótica na taxa de sucesso e na prevenção de infecções em implantes dentários
Impacto da profilaxia antibiótica na taxa de sucesso e na prevenção de infecções em implantes dentários
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.820811325111211
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Palavras-chave: Profilaxia Dentária; Profilaxia antibiótica; Implante dentário.
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Keywords: Dental Prophylaxis; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Dental Implant.
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Abstract: Introduction: Implantology is one of the main alternatives for oral rehabilitation, boasting high success rates and clinical predictability. Nevertheless, early failures occur due to multiple factors such as local conditions, systemic characteristics of the patient, technical aspects of the procedure, and bacterial contamination. With the aim of reducing such complications, many surgeons indicate antibiotic prophylaxis. Although this practice is widespread, it remains controversial, as the scientific results are divergent. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis before dental implants, in reducing implant loss and inflammatory manifestations. Materials and Methods: This is an integrative review; 10 articles were used, mostly randomized clinical trials, and the chosen databases were PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs, and Cochrane. Result: Three different drugs were used, with amoxicillin being predominantly utilized. The studies show both the use of prolonged antibiotics and single-dose preoperative use, reinforcing the evaluation of single-dose preoperative amoxicillin. There were new approaches using azithromycin, which was insignificant when compared to amoxicillin, and clindamycin was also evaluated. Regarding infections, amoxicillin and clindamycin were compared, with no statistically significant difference between the group that received prophylaxis and the group that did not. Conclusion: In view of the above, it is concluded that there is divergence in the literature regarding the efficiency of using antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce implant loss and inflammation, regardless of the patient's health status. It is understood that screening should be carried out for patients who require prophylaxis, and that biosafety measures are the pillars for surgical success. Nevertheless, there is a need for new studies with improved protocols to perform a correct extrapolation of the results.
- Giovanna Azara Cipriano
- Luana de Oliveira Tanaka
- Renata Santos Brito
- Gabriela Sertório Arantes Barros
- Lais Maris da Cruz
- Layne Rodrigues Guimarães
- Mariana Salcedo Viana
- Ludimylla Pereira Menezes
- Satini Araujo Alexandre
- Ana Luiza da Silva Carneiro Medeiros
- Júlia Karoline Viana Fabi
- Maria Júlia Biazon Alves