IMPACT OF THERAPEUTIC HYPOTHERMIA IN THE TREATMENT OF NEONATAL ASPHYXIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF CLINICAL AND NEUROLOGICAL OUTCOME

• DOI: ttps://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594612427062

• Palavras-chave: neonatal asphyxia; Newborn hypoxia; Therapeutic hypothermia.

• Keywords: neonatal asphyxia; Newborn hypoxia; Therapeutic hypothermia.

• Abstract:

  Objective: This study aims to analyze recent evidence on the efficacy, safety and impact of therapeutic hypothermia in the treatment of neonatal asphyxia, highlighting its effect on the clinical and neurological outcomes of newborns. Methodology: A bibliographic review was carried out using the PubMed database, with the descriptors "Perinatal asphyxia", "Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy" and "Birth hypoxia". Of the 461 articles initially found,14 were meticulously selected for detailed analysis. Results: The studies reviewed indicate that therapeutic hypothermia is an effective strategy for preventing hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in neonates. This therapy has been shown to significantly reduce adverse neurological events and mortality. Furthermore, factors were identified that can improve clinical interventions, substantially improving the prognosis for patients undergoing this therapy. Final considerations: Induced hypothermia is recognized as an essential preventive treatment for neonatal ischemic encephalopathy. However, the complexity of the topic requires additional studies to elucidate the long-term effects and develop more accurate prognostic tools that guarantee favorable clinical outcomes for this population.