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IDENTIFICATION, PATHOGENICITY AND IN VITRO ANTAGONISM TESTS OF THE CAUSAL AGENT OF VASCULAR WILT OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Un problema que limita la producción del cultivo de jitomate a nivel mundial y nacional es el marchitamiento vascular. Los objetivos de la presente investigación fueron: identificar el agente causal de la marchitez vascular del jitomate y encontrar la raza de Fusarium oxysporum a la que pertenece, evaluar su patogenicidad y determinar su control biológico in vitro. Se colectaron tallos de jitomate del municipio de Parácuaro, Michoacán que presentaban síntomas de marchitamiento, se realizaron aislamientos en medio de cultivo PDA para identificar al patógeno. La determinación de la raza fisiológica de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici se llevó a cabo mediante el uso de variedades como: El Rey, Patria, 4853, 387, 386 y Primus FL. Para las pruebas de antagonismo se utilizaron cinco productos biológicos, a dosis del producto formulado a base de: Bacillus subtilis 0.625 mL, B. pumilus 1.5 mL, combinación de: Bacillus subtilis + B. polymyxa + B. megaterium + Pseudomonas fluorescen + Trichoderma harzianum+ T. reesei+ T viride+ Gliocladium virens.0.25 g y dos productos a base Trichoderma harzianum a 0.12 g y 1g. Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con cinco tratamientos, cinco repeticiones y un testigo absoluto sin fungicida. Se identificó a Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici como agente causal del marchitamiento vascular en Jitomate, la raza encontrada fue raza 3 (R3), Los productos formulados a base de T. harzianum presentan diferentes grados de antagonismo frente a F. oxysporum f. sp lycopersici R3. T. harzianum es el mayor antagonista in vitro de F. oxysporum f. sp lycopersici R3.
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IDENTIFICATION, PATHOGENICITY AND IN VITRO ANTAGONISM TESTS OF THE CAUSAL AGENT OF VASCULAR WILT OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.973442425034

  • Palavras-chave: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, raza fisiológica, inhibición

  • Keywords: Fusarium oxysporumF. sp. lycopersici, physiological race, inhibition

  • Abstract:

    A problem that limits the production of tomato crops worldwide and nationally is vascular wilting. The objectives of the present investigation were: to identify the causal agent of vascular wilt of tomato and find the race of Fusarium oxysporum to which it belongs, evaluate its pathogenicity and determine its biological control in vitro. Tomato stems were collected from the municipality of Parácuaro, Michoacán that showed symptoms of wilting, isolations were carried out in PDA culture medium to identify the pathogen. The determination of the physiological race of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici was carried out using varieties such as: El Rey, Patria, 4853, 387, 386 and Primus FL. For antagonism tests, five biological products were used, at doses of the product formulated from: Bacillus subtilis 0.625 mL, B. pumilus 1.5 mL, combination of: Bacillus subtilis + B. polymyxa + B. megaterium + Pseudomonas fluorescen + Trichoderma harzianum+ T. reesei+ T viride+ Gliocladium virens.0.25 g and two products based on Trichoderma harzianum at 0.12 g and 1g. A completely randomized experimental design was used with five treatments, five repetitions and an absolute control without fungicide. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici as the causal agent of vascular wilting in Tomato, the race found was race 3 (R3). The products formulated based on T. harzianum present different degrees of antagonism against F. oxysporum f. sp lycopersici R3. T. harzianum is the major in vitro antagonist of F. oxysporum f. sp lycopersici R3.
     

  • José Luciano Morales García
  • Marycruz Velázquez-Oviedo
  • Karina Lizeth Morales-Montelongo
  • Edna Esquivel Miguel
  • Samuel Pineda-Guillermo
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