Vaginal Hysterectomy: Indications and Surgical Techniques

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.15953025180914

• Palavras-chave: Vaginal hysterectomy; Gynecological surgery; Surgical techniques; Uterine prolapse; Uterine myoma; Minimally invasive procedure.

• Keywords: Vaginal hysterectomy; Gynecological surgery; Surgical techniques; Uterine prolapse; Uterine myoma; Minimally invasive procedure.

• Abstract:

  Vaginal hysterectomy (VH) is considered the preferred surgical approach for the treatment of benign gynecological conditions due to its association with lower morbidity, shorter operating time, rapid recovery, and good cosmetic results. Despite these advantages, its use has declined in clinical practice, being replaced by laparoscopic approaches, partly due to the lack of specific training in vaginal surgery. This narrative review analyzes the main indications, contraindications, fundamental and adjuvant surgical techniques, as well as the innovations that have expanded its possibilities of application. It is concluded that VCS is safe and effective, even in cases considered challenging, provided it is performed by experienced surgeons and with appropriate patient selection. It is essential to revitalize the teaching of VCS in medical residency programs in order to preserve this minimally invasive and clinically advantageous option for the management of benign uterine diseases.