Hipercolesterolemia: correlações com doenças cardiovasculares e a importância de um estilo de vida saudável.
Hipercolesterolemia: correlações com doenças cardiovasculares e a importância de um estilo de vida saudável.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.8208212602011
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Palavras-chave: Hipercolesterolemia; Aterosclerose; Estilo de vida saudável.
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Keywords: Hypercholesterolemia; Atherosclerosis; Healthy lifestyle.
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Abstract: The primary agents responsible for lipid transport are lipoproteins, among which low-density lipoprotein (LDL), a cholesterol-rich lipoprotein, plays the major role in determining serum cholesterol levels, as it is predominantly composed of cholesterol. Consequently, elevated plasma concentrations of LDL lead to hypercholesterolemia, a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The risk is estimated based on the integrated analysis of variables that increase na individual’s likelihood of developing the disease. Non-pharmacological interventions, particularly dietary modifications and lifestyle changes, have demonstrated efficacy in the management of hypercholesterolemia. Such approaches require professional supervision and are devoid of adverse effects, unlike certain pharmacological therapies. This study aims to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypercholesterolemia, its correlations with cardiovascular diseases, and the impact of non-pharmacological treatments on reducing LDL-C levels. Hypercholesterolemia is directly associated with atherogenesis, as its onset is triggered by behavioral and non-physiological factors such as hyperlipidemia. These factors damage vascular endothelium, increasing its permeability to lipoproteins and promoting their accumulation, particularly that of LDL particles. Consequently, evidence indicates that reducing circulating LDL-C levels is essential for cardiovascular risk mitigation. Studies show that lifestyle modification can produce significant improvements in lipoprotein profiles, often preventing the need for pharmacotherapy. These modifications include nutritional counseling, regular physical activity, and adequate sleep patterns. Among these, dietary intervention is the most critical, as substantial reductions in LDL-C. In conclusion, non-pharmacological treatments, particularly those involving dietary regulation and lifestyle modification, are effective in the management of hypercholesterolemia when properly supervised.
- Vitor Bruno Costa Pereira
- Fátima Lais Carvalho Carneiro
- Paulo Vinicius Araujo da Silva
- Fernando Gomes Figueiredo