PREDISPOSING FACTORS FOR DYSBIOSIS AND BACTERIAL INFECTION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF FOURNIER'S SYNDROME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.515712602014

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• Abstract:

  Fournier syndrome is considered a clinical emergency due to its rapid progression and high morbidity and mortality rates. It should be noted that the studies reported on Fournier syndrome lack continuous monitoring or follow-up in the research, therefore, the availability of literature is limited to a geographical distribution of cases, without confinement to a specific location. The objective of this review was to systematically analyze the predisposing factors of dysbiosis and bacterial infection in the development of Fournier's syndrome, identifying the pattern of bacterial infections associated with the syndrome, differentiating between mono-infections and poly-infections, as well as determining the main body area affected by Fournier's syndrome in the systematic review. The systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA methodology, with searches in the Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo, National Institutes of Health (NIH), and El Sevier databases, articles published by universities, hospitals, scientific journals, and research institutes over the last five years in English, Spanish, and Portuguese.
  The results showed a predominance of monomicrobial infections (60%) over polymicrobial infections (40%), It was also demonstrated that the predisposing factors for dysbiosis and bacterial infection in the development of Fournier's syndrome were diabetes mellitus, renal failure, acquired human immunodeficiency, and hypertension. It was shown that the main body area affected in Fournier's syndrome was the perianal area. In conclusion, knowing the predisposing factors and th s of the patient allows us to determine the appropriate treatment for each patient and highlights the importance of using sterile surgical equipment and asepsis.