EVOLUTION OF THE AREA, PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE COMMON BEAN IN BRAZIL: REGIONAL ANALYSIS FROM 2000 TO 2024

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.973542512036

• Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris. Agricultural production. Brazilian regions.

• Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris. Agricultural production. Brazilian regions.

• Abstract:

  Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are a staple food in the Brazilian diet and play a strategic role in food security and income generation, especially among family farmers. However, it faces challenges such as a reduction in the area planted, price instability, competition with more profitable crops and the impact of climate change. This study analyzed the dynamics of the cultivated area, production and productivity of beans in Brazil's five regions between 2000 and 2024. It used data from the National Supply Company (CONAB), organized into historical series and represented by interpretative graphs. The results show that although the area planted has decreased significantly, especially since 2012, national productivity has grown. This progress is attributed to the adoption of improved cultivars, management technologies and conservation practices. The Midwest, Southeast and South regions had the highest production rates, while the Northeast and North maintained the lowest, reflecting the strong dependence on rainfed agriculture and structural limitations. The conclusion is that public policies that promote the modernization of production, expand technical assistance and encourage the adoption of technologies are essential to guarantee the sustainability of bean cultivation and food security in Brazil.