Evaluation of occlusion in patients treated orthodontically with fixed appliances
Evaluation of occlusion in patients treated orthodontically with fixed appliances
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1595322621016
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Palavras-chave: Má oclusão, movimentação dentária, oclusão dentária, tratamento ortodôntico, aparelho fixo, relação cêntrica, movimentos laterais.
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Keywords: Malocclusion, dental movement, dental occlusion, orthodontic treatment, fixed braces, centric relation, lateral movements.
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Abstract: Introduction: Orthodontic correction is a growing reality of treatment used by the Brazilian population to improve the aesthetics and function of the masticatory system. Unlike decades past, aesthetics now predominates over function and the demand for corrective treatments, among which orthodontic treatment is very common in dental offices. The question is: what happens to the occlusion of these patients after orthodontic treatment is completed and what happens to the function of the masticatory system? Method: Eighteen young people were selected for this research, ten female 55.55% and eight male 44.45% undergraduate dentistry students at the University of Vale do Itajaí who had completed treatment with fixed braces. The occlusion of these patients was evaluated as well as contacts and trajectories. Initially, manipulation was performed in centric relation and maximum intercuspation, followed by evaluation of laterality and protrusion movements. The subjects’ occlusion was evaluated and the data recorded in the occlusion clinics’ medical records. All were manipulated in centric relation and if there was resistance to manipulation they were subjected to deprogramming with an occlusal appliance of the Michigan type for a period of 8 weeks. Five of them needed to be deprogrammed. Then, the lateral movements of the mandible were evaluated to record the presence of occlusion guides on the working side or even occlusal interferences on working or balancing sides. The collected data, recorded in tables, were subjected to percentage analysis with the aim of reproducing the occlusion profile of patients who had undergone orthodontic treatment, being compared and discussed with reports found in research in the literature. Results: The results obtained were distributed: in centric relation 07 subjects 38,88% of the sample presented bilateral contact in posterior teeth, 03 subjects 16,66% had contact between 16 X 46 teeth, 03 16,66% contact between 14 X 44 teeth. The other 05 who participated in the research, presented unilateral contacts between the teeth 15 X 46 (01) 5.55%, 16 X 46 (01) 5.55%, 14 X 44 (01) 5.55%, 45 X 16 (01) 5.55% and 25 X 36 (01) 5.55%. In maximum intercuspation, 12 subjects (66.66%) presented contact in all teeth, 02 subjects (11.11%) in all posterior teeth, 02 subjects (11.11%) only in molars and the other 02 (11.11%) in incisors. In the lateral movements 03 (16.66%) presented canine guide, 06 (33.33%) guide in group, 02 (11.11%) canine and group guidance, one on each side, 02 (11.11%), partial canine guidance and interference, and 03 (16.66%) partial group guidance and interference. In the protrusion movement was observed that in 12 subjects (66.66%) of the sample all the incisors, maintained contact during the trajectory of the mandible, in 02 subjects (11.11%) of the cases only the central incisors, guided the trajectory and in 01 case, (5.55%) there was some occlusal interference. Conclusion: in this study it was concluded that even when the treatment achieved an aesthetic result that satisfied the patient, significant occlusal instability was detected at the end of the orthodontic treatment. The aesthetic result in most cases masks the functional importance, compromising the aesthetic longevity achieved. It is imperative that awareness be given to an occlusal evaluation before completing any orthodontic treatment.
- Casimiro Manoel Martins Filho
- Betsy Killian Martins Luiz
- Betsy Kilian Martins Luiz
- Lethicia Kilian Martins Luiz
- Oberdan Thiesen Ferreira
- Thiago Bernardes Nunes