EQUOTERAPIA EM CRIANÇAS COM TEA E SEUS DESAFIOS

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.8208142511094

• Palavras-chave: Equoterapia, Transtorno do Espectro Autista, Fisioterapia, Reabilitação Infantil, Terapia Assistida por Animais.

• Keywords: Hippotherapy, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Physiotherapy, Pediatric Rehabilitation, Animal-Assisted Therapy.

• Abstract: Introduction: This study addresses equine-assisted therapy (hippotherapy) as a complementary therapeutic approach applied to children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), exploring its therapeutic benefits and the main challenges involved in its implementation. The research was based on a bibliographic review aiming to understand the current scientific landscape regarding this intervention within pediatric physiotherapy. Theoretical Framework: The theoretical foundation discusses ASD, its impacts on child development, and the role of hippotherapy as a rehabilitation strategy. It highlights the physiotherapist’s role in equine-assisted settings, emphasizing how the horse's three-dimensional movement promotes postural control, motor coordination, and socialization in children with autism. Methodology: This is a bibliographic, qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive research. Data collection was carried out through systematic searches in the SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, Google Scholar, and BDENF databases between April and August 2025. Keywords such as "hippotherapy," "autism spectrum disorder," "pediatric rehabilitation," and "animal-assisted therapy" were used. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 scientific articles published between 2014 and 2024 were selected. Discussion: The analysis revealed consistent benefits of hippotherapy in the motor, sensory, behavioral, and social development of children with ASD. It also identified challenges such as a shortage of trained professionals, limited infrastructure, and behavioral difficulties during sessions. Interdisciplinary collaboration and family involvement were considered crucial for successful outcomes. The study also pointed out methodological gaps in part of the literature, highlighting the need for further research with greater scientific rigor. Final Considerations: It is concluded that hippotherapy is a promising therapeutic intervention for children with ASD, promoting important functional improvements. However, its effectiveness depends on professional training, the physical structure of therapy centers, and family support. This study reinforces the importance of expanding professional qualification and investing in scientific research to strengthen evidence- based practices in pediatric physiotherapy.