EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF CASES OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH METABOLIC DISORDERS, IN PARTICULAR TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.159282214021

• Palavras-chave: -

• Keywords: -

• Abstract:

  Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a
  more frequent neurodegenerative pathology
  associated with age, whose cognitive and
  neuropsychiatric manifestations result in
  progressive disability and incapacitation. Its
  development is associated with functional
  changes in neurotransmitters, such as
  acetylcholine, related to memory, and the
  accumulation of B-amyloid protein. AD
  happens when the brain tries to protect itself
  from three threats: inflammation (infection,
  foodorothers); lack of nutrients, hormones
  and other molecules that support brain
  actions; and toxic substances like metals and
  biotoxins. Thus, the development of type II
  diabetes mellitus (DMII), plays an important
  role for the emergence of neurological
  dysfunctions that are negative related to
  AD, since after the insulin molecules do
  their due work and decrease glucose, the
  body needs break down insulin in some
  way in order to prevent blood glucose from
  falling. With that, through the enzyme IDE
  (insulin degradation enzyme), responsible for
  degrading the B-amyloidin protein fragments
  in the sticky plates that destroy the synapses,
  in an attempt to prevent the fall of glucose.
  However, when IDE breaks down insulin
  but fails to break down amyloid at the same
  time, it results in elevated insulin levels,
  which increase the risk of AD. Objectives:
  To quantify the number ofindividuals with
  Alzheimer’s disease registered in the Public
  Health Network of the city of Rio Claro and
  relate it to the presence of DM II. Methods:
  Retrospective study, based on a data base that
  contemplates 38 registrations of both sexes in
  the age group from 60 to 90 years old, in the
  period of 3 years (2016-2019). The following
  information was extracted: age; confirmed
  diagnosis time; presence of DM II and average
  diagnosis time of DM II. Results: Expressed
  on average for the following variables: age
  of 88. 5 years, time of diagnosis of 4 years,
  with all patients who developed AD in both
  sexes having DM II, with an average time
  of 11 years. Conclusion: Therefore, there is
  a close relationship between the on set of
  AD inindividuals already with metabolic
  disease, especially DMII, in particular, with
  a 7-year period of onset of DM II, dueto
  the inflammatory process associated with
  a metabolic disorder, in which cells reduce
  their functioning promoting an in crease in
  inflammatory markers, like: cytokine.

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