THE CARNIVAL OF THE "CABRESTO" BULL AS A SCENARIO OF CONFRONTATION OF IDENTITIES, HUEJÚCAR JALISCO

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.21642124041010

• Palavras-chave: fiesta, toro, carnaval, identidades colectivas, Huejúcar, Jalisco.

• Keywords: fiesta, bull, carnival, collective identities, Huejúcar, Jalisco.

• Abstract:

  This research analyzes the carnival of the Torito "Cabresto" approached as an expression of confrontation of identities of hegemonic groups and subaltern groups who year after year symbolically take the streets of the town of Huejúcar, a moment of permissiveness to carry out riots in streets, houses, squares, schools and public institutions, creating a unique moment of coexistence. These antagonistic relations have their explanation in the colonial past when there were lawsuits for the invasion of communal lands that both Creoles and Spaniards committed against the inhabitants of the Tapias neighborhood where the Torito "Cabresto" played a leading role in the solution of the agrarian conflict. For the analysis of this festival, an ethnohistorical methodology was chosen, characterized by combining ethnographic techniques such as field visits, open interviews and key informants; in combination with historical sources such as personal documents, photos and video recordings from previous years and even decades ago, information that generates data with a qualitative approach. Among the results, two backgrounds of the carnival were found; the first with a multicultural bias (confrontation between Indians, mestizos and Spaniards) and the second agrarian (invasion of lands and destruction of crops by large cattle), both of which occurred three centuries ago and whose backgrounds reveal the different collective identities confronted by communal lands, the most valued resource by the Indian peoples. It is concluded that the Torito "Cabresto" is the conciliatory element that helps to overcome the antagonisms existing for centuries between the different multicultural groups.