Efficacy of Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: An Integrative Review

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.159572521018

• Palavras-chave: Multiple sclerosis. Bone Marrow. Transplant. Treatment.

• Keywords: Multiple sclerosis. Bone Marrow. Transplant. Treatment.

• Abstract:

  Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune neurological disease defined as an inflammatory disorder of the brain and spinal cord. One treatment option is the use of mesenchymal stem cells from autologous bone marrow transplantation. Objective: To identify the effectiveness of autologous bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Method: This integrative review used the PubMed/MEDLINE and Virtual Health Library (VHL) search engines in April and May 2021 using the descriptors "bone marrow" AND "multiple sclerosis" AND "transplantation" AND (therapeutics OR treatment), with the NOT review descriptor added to PubMed. Articles from 2016 to 2021 with full text available were included, and the human limit was selected. Only the MEDLINE database was used and the main subjects selected were Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Diseases. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, determining the articles that make up this review. Results: In general, the articles analyzed showed that autologous bone marrow transplantation is relatively stable and effective. The best results were achieved in the long term and post-transplant patients had high rates of neurological progression-free survival, based on follow-up using the Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale. Conclusions: The treatment of multiple sclerosis is still the subject of extensive debate and autologous bone marrow transplantation appears to be an option. In general, positive results have been found for this therapy. However, the studies indicate the need for further clarification of its efficacy and safety.