EFFECTIVENESS OF NEW SURGICAL TECHNIQUES, HORMONAL THERAPIES AND IMMUNOTHERAPIES IN REDUCING THE RISK OF OVARIAN CANCER

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.1593462328061

• Palavras-chave: Ovarian Neoplasms; Oophorectomy; Immunotherapy; Hormone Therapy; Genetic predisposition.

• Keywords: Ovarian Neoplasms; Oophorectomy; Immunotherapy; Hormone Therapy; Genetic predisposition.

• Abstract:

  OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of new surgical techniques, hormonal therapies and immunotherapies in reducing the risk of ovarian cancer. METHODOLOGY: This is a bibliographic review developed according to the criteria of the PVO strategy. The searches were carried out in the PubMed and SciELO databases. After associating the descriptors used in the researched databases, 14 studies were selected to compose the collection. DISCUSSION: Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer death in women. Patients considered at risk include those who have first-degree relatives affected by ovarian cancer, obesity, smoking, and mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Prophylactic oophorectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that involves laparoscopic removal of the adnexa and endometrial biopsy. High-grade serous ovarian cancer has a poor prognosis due to the limited effectiveness of currently available chemotherapies. Hormone replacement with estrogen, when properly performed after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRBSO), helps control postmenopausal symptoms. Chemotherapy can induce amenorrhea in 60% to 80% of premenopausal women who receive adjuvant treatment. CONCLUSION: Ovarian cancer requires an approach that provides more information to the population. Chemoprevention, whether natural or synthetic, is an effective alternative, unlike immunotherapy, which has limited and more specific efficacy.