Effectiveness of Low-Carbohydrate and Ketogenic Diets in Treating Mood and Anxiety Disorders

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594632428067

• Palavras-chave: Ketogenic diet, Mood Disorders, Anxiety, Low carbohydrate diet.

• Keywords: Ketogenic diet, Mood Disorders, Anxiety, Low carbohydrate diet.

• Abstract:

  Objective: To investigate the efficacy, safety and mechanisms of action of low-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets on symptoms of mood and anxiety disorders, aiming to elucidate their therapeutic potential and provide guidance for clinical practice and dietary recommendations. Methods: Bibliographic review carried out following the PVO strategy, through the PubMed - MEDLINE database, with the following search strategy: (Low carbohydrate diets) OR (Ketogenic diets) AND (Mood disorders) OR (Anxiety disorders). After applying the selection criteria, 16 articles remained to form the basis of this study. Review: The potential of the ketogenic diet as an adjunct therapy for mood and anxiety disorders was analyzed, highlighting its impact on brain metabolism and neurotransmitter function, similar to the treatment of neurological conditions such as epilepsy. The potential of ketogenic and low-carbohydrate diets in mitigating psychiatric disorders was investigated, highlighting their benefits in reducing anxious, depressive and psychotic symptoms through metabolic changes and the influence on brain metabolism. Research suggests that such diets, by promoting ketosis and altering the balance between neurotransmitters like GABA and glutamate, can improve mood and reduce systemic inflammation. Final Thoughts: Low-carb and ketogenic diets can improve symptoms of mood and anxiety disorders through metabolic changes and reduced brain inflammation. Despite promising results, these diets must complement, not replace, conventional treatments. It is recommended that healthcare professionals consider nutritional assessments as part of the management of psychiatric conditions. Future studies are needed to develop clear guidelines on the therapeutic use of these diets.