EFFECTIVENESS OF ERGONOMIC INTERVENTIONS IN THE PREVENTION OF WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.01596726040613

• Palavras-chave: Ergonomics; Occupational physical therapy; Musculoskeletal pain; Worker health.

• Keywords: Ergonomics; Occupational physical therapy; Musculoskeletal pain; Worker health.

• Abstract:

  This study analyzes how ergonomics and preventive physical therapy—as examined in a review of clinical studies—influence pain, functionality, and absenteeism in the context of occupational health. The rationale stems from the increase in musculoskeletal disorders and the associated human and economic burden, which places pressure on services and organizations. The aim is to assess the extent to which structured ergonomics programs, combining specific exercises and postural variation, can reduce symptoms and prevent more invasive outcomes. To this end, recent randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were included, covering office populations, industrial settings, and hospital units. Overall, reductions in cervical and lumbar pain, improvements in work capacity, and reduced fatigue at the end of the workday were observed, along with a decrease in sick leave; this effect is most evident when workstation adjustments are combined with targeted exercises, active breaks, and participatory ergonomics. One practical point is worth noting: on-site physical therapy clinics typically have high participation rates and provide rapid response, which accelerates initial gains. There are also signs of cost savings, particularly by delaying invasive procedures and reducing the use of analgesics; this is indicative of systemic benefits. In the realm of ongoing discussions, the need for continuity, institutional support, and adherence stands out, without losing sight of methodological limitations, such as small sample sizes and short follow-up periods. The results thus indicate that the integration of physical therapy and ergonomics reinforces the promotion of occupational health and still requires more robust studies to establish sustainable guidelines.