Education and Exclusion: An Analysis of Access to Information on Emergency Contraception

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1595282506081

• Palavras-chave: emergency contraception; information inequality; reproductive health; access to information; integrative review.

• Keywords: emergency contraception; information inequality; reproductive health; access to information; integrative review.

• Abstract:

  Emergency contraception (EC) is an effective method for preventing unplanned pregnancies after unprotected sex and is recognized by the World Health Organization as a non-abortive measure. However, access to and use of EC are still marked by informational, cultural, economic, and regional inequalities, especially in developing countries. This integrative review aimed to synthesize evidence on the factors that limit knowledge and appropriate use of EC, identifying the most vulnerable populations and effective interventions. Studies published up to February 2025 with quantitative and qualitative data were included, selected from PubMed, SciELO, WHO, PAHO, UNFPA, and other institutional sources. The results show that most people obtain information about EC through informal social networks and that religious barriers, social stigma, low educational attainment, and geographic location hinder access to quality information. Adolescents, poor women, rural residents, and victims of sexual violence are among the most affected groups. Structured educational campaigns, training for health professionals, and accessibility strategies such as free distribution and call centers have proven effective in reducing these barriers. We conclude that intersectoral actions and health education are essential to promote the conscious and equitable use of EC, contributing to the reduction of unplanned pregnancies and the strengthening of reproductive autonomy.