TMD and Biofeedback: a literature review

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.15952525250612

• Palavras-chave: TMD, Biofeedback, Electromyography, Bruxism.

• Keywords: TMD, Biofeedback, Electromyography, Bruxism.

• Abstract:

  Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) involves changes in the temporomandibular joints and masticatory muscles, caused by factors such as bruxism, trauma and psychosocial influences. These dysfunctions can cause facial pain, joint noise, difficulty moving the jaw and are often associated with stress and parafunctional habits, such as teeth clenching. Bruxism, characterized by clenching or grinding the teeth, is associated with sleep disorders and emotional stress, affecting around 10% to 13% of adults during sleep and up to 31% during wakefulness. The literature presents various therapeutic alternatives for bruxism: myorelaxant plates, self-care techniques and biofeedback. EMG biofeedback allows patients to monitor and adjust their muscle activity, promoting self-control over muscle tension and parafunctional habits, resulting in significant improvements in symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the literature on the use of biofeedback as a therapeutic alternative capable of promoting muscle re-education and modifying bruxism-related behavior. The methodology consisted of a literature review, in which 25 articles were selected that discuss the prevalence, etiology and treatment of TMD, with an emphasis on biofeedback. The literature findings indicate that biofeedback is effective in reducing TMD symptoms and associated stress, providing lasting relief and better quality of life for patients with bruxism, contributing to sustainable neuromuscular rehabilitation.