RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN CHILDREN FROM 0 TO 5 YEARS OF AGE: A NARRATIVE REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594522405062

• Palavras-chave: Respiratory Tract Infection; Epidemiology; Mortality; Child; Risk factors.

• Keywords: Respiratory Tract Infection; Epidemiology; Mortality; Child; Risk factors.

• Abstract:

  Objective: Evaluate the most common respiratory diseases in children aged 0 to 5 years and their follow-up in child development by reviewing the main articles available on the topic. Literature review: Respiratory diseases are diseases that can affect airway structures, such as the nose, larynx, pharynx, trachea and lungs. In the pediatric population, there are many risk factors, such as environmental ones that contribute to the development of diseases in the lower respiratory tract, with smoking, associated with passive ingestion of waste, being one of the biggest factors. Furthermore, atmospheric polluting agents in each specific region, temperature differences and crowding are some other risk factors. This way, to develop care activities and promote the child's health, the family presents itself as a fundamental part in maintaining care for respiratory diseases, as well as in preventing. Conclusion: In terms of management in primary and hospital care, studies carried out in our country show that the prevalence of patients with respiratory symptoms who seek Basic Health Units (UBS) varies from 5 to 15%. In 2015, the WHO proposed a strategy called the Practical Approach to Lung Health (PAL Strategy).