SEVERE HEMATOLOGICAL DISEASE IN A YOUNG PATIENT: CASE REPORT OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA ASSOCIATED WITH PLASMACYTIC CELL LEUKEMIA

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1595332528102

• Palavras-chave: Multiple myeloma; Hematology; Plasma cell leukemia; Differential diagnosis; Prognosis.

• Keywords: Multiple myeloma; Hematology; Plasma cell leukemia; Differential diagnosis; Prognosis.

• Abstract:

  Multiple myeloma is a hematological neoplasm of plasma cells characterized by clonal proliferation and production of monoclonal immunoglobulins, with the potential to cause bone damage, renal failure, anemia, and hypercalcemia. A particularly rare and aggressive variant is plasma cell leukemia (PCL), marked by the presence of circulating plasma cells and rapid clinical progression. This study presents the case of a 56-year-old female patient diagnosed with multiple myeloma associated with PCL during hospitalization initially motivated by an abdominal infection. The case highlights the importance of comprehensive diagnostic investigation and early referral to specialized onco-hematology services. After confirmation of the diagnosis of hematological neoplasia, treatment was initiated with VCD (Bortezomib, Cyclophosphamide, and Dexamethasone), but there was insufficient time to evaluate the therapeutic response due to the rapid progression of the disease.