NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS RESULTING FROM SARS-COV-2

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594542414062

• Palavras-chave: Coronavirus, neurological complications, sequelae.

• Keywords: Coronavirus, neurological complications, sequelae.

• Abstract:

  COVID-19 mainly presents with respiratory syndromes, including pneumonia, and gastrointestinal symptoms. However, neurological manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 have also been observed, possibly through the olfactory route. This study systematically reviews the literature on neurological complications of COVID-19, using specific descriptors in the Virtual Health Library (VHL), resulting in 113 articles, of which 6 were selected. Pathophysiologically, SARS-CoV-2 binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in several organs, including the brain, triggering the release of cytokines and activation of the coagulation cascade, contributing to clinical manifestations. Neurological manifestations are divided into changes in the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). CNS manifestations include headache, hyposmia, dysgeusia, cerebrovascular disease, encephalopathy, and acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy. Symptoms of PNS include myalgia, cranial nerve damage, and syndromes such as Guillain-Barré and Miller-Fisher. It is concluded that, in addition to respiratory symptoms, COVID-19 can cause significant neurological changes, affecting both the CNS and the PNS.