DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2 COMO FATOR DE RISCO PARA COMPROMETIMENTO COGNITIVO: EVIDÊNCIAS CLÍNICAS COM USO DA CDR: Uma revisão integrativa
DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2 COMO FATOR DE RISCO PARA COMPROMETIMENTO COGNITIVO: EVIDÊNCIAS CLÍNICAS COM USO DA CDR: Uma revisão integrativa
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.82081102506117
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Palavras-chave: Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2; Comprometimento Cognitivo; Clinical Dementia Rating; Revisão Integrativa; Declínio Cognitivo.
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Keywords: 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Cognitive Impairment; Clinical Dementia Rating; Integrative Review; Cognitive Decline.
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Abstract: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion or action. Insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels and providing energy to cells. Deficiency in insulin production, as seen in type 1 diabetes, or resistance to its action, typical of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), leads to elevated blood glucose levels, predisposing individuals to several systemic complications, including cognitive impairment. Objective: To analyze the scientific evidence regarding the association between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and cognitive impairment, with emphasis on studies that used the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale as an assessment tool. Methodology: This study consists of an integrative literature review, a method that allows for the collection, analysis, and synthesis of published research results, providing a broad and evidence-based understanding of the topic. The search was conducted in the PubMed, SciELO, Google Scholar, and Virtual Health Library (BVS) databases, using controlled descriptors in Portuguese and English: “Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,” “Cognitive Impairment,” and “Clinical Dementia Rating.” Articles published between 2015 and 2025 in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, with full-text access and thematic relevance, were included. Data analysis was performed systematically and interpretatively, identifying similarities and discrepancies among the findings and critically discussing the influence of T2DM on cognitive decline. Conclusion: The scientific literature indicates a significant relationship between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and cognitive impairment, suggesting that chronic hyperglycemia and insulin resistance contribute to structural and functional brain changes. The use of the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale proves to be an effective tool for early detection of cognitive decline in individuals with T2DM, highlighting the importance of clinical strategies for screening and early intervention.
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