Development and Validation of an Instrument to Explore the Work and Family Decisions of Mexican Women
Development and Validation of an Instrument to Explore the Work and Family Decisions of Mexican Women
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.2164824230410
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Abstract:
In the last four decades, female participation in paid work has experienced notable growth, marking a significant change compared to previous decades where, until the 1970s, women's economic participation tended to reduce when they got married and started. their reproductive life, abandoning their jobs. Even those women with higher education and family responsibilities had lower economic participation compared to men in similar circumstances.
To investigate this phenomenon, the normative model of brain drain was used, which considers factors such as public policies, the labor market, conciliation, and personal and family situations as determinants of women's decisions. An ad hoc questionnaire was designed to identify women's needs regarding public policies, complemented with sociodemographic data. The study was carried out through a self-administered questionnaire to Mexican women both in Guanajuato and abroad (n=61, average age 37.9 years), all with completed university education. A process of development, analysis and verification of the instrument was followed to guarantee its validity and reliability. The final questionnaire included closed and Likert-type questions, in addition to the Double Presence scale of the ISTAS instrument. The results showed variability in the reliability of the scales, with initial alphas between 0.631 and 0.762. After selectively eliminating some items, an increase in reliability was observed, with alphas of up to 0.816. In summary, the final questionnaire was composed of 81 questions divided into three groups, providing a solid tool to investigate the complex interactions between the factors that influence women's decisions regarding work and family life.
- Nancy Guzmán Raya
- Emilio Sánchez Santa-Bárbara