CONTRIBUTIONS OF TRANSTELEPHONIC ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY (ECG-TT) IN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS OF THE STATE OF MATO GROSSO IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (FA) AND PREVENTION OF ISCHEMIC STROKE (AVEI)

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.159572521016

• Palavras-chave: stroke, cerebral ischemia, ECG-TT, cardiac arrhythmias

• Keywords: stroke, cerebral ischemia, ECG-TT, cardiac arrhythmias

• Abstract: Contributions of Transtelephonic Electrocardiogram (ECG-TT) in Urban and Rural Areas of the State of Mato Grosso, in the Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and Prevention of Ischemic Stroke (IS) Online Congress on Neurology Updates, 4th edition, from 08/14/2023 to 08/16/2023 ISBN of the Proceedings: 978-65-5465-053-3 Authors: Luiz Carlos Baena Fernandes Beatriz Oliveira Baena Bruna Oliveira Baena Abstract: Introduction: AF is a common type of cardiac arrhythmia, characterized by an irregular and rapid heartbeat, where the atria "flutter" or "fibrillate," impairing blood pumping and potentially forming emboli. IS, on the other hand, occurs when the blood supply to a brain region is completely or partially blocked, causing ischemia in the affected brain area. Although AF and IS seem unrelated, science reveals a close relationship between them. Objectives: General Objective: To verify that the use of ECG-TT in Family Health Units (USF) of Mato Grosso, in urban (Cuiabá) and rural (Pedra Preta) areas, can mitigate or prevent the severity of ischemic neurological lesions (IS). Specific Objectives: To demonstrate and verify the use of ECG-TT in patient care in two USF of Mato Grosso. To show the importance of rapid and adequate diagnosis and treatment of AF to prevent the onset and increase in severity of IS. Methods: Clinical Care: The patient receives clinical care at USF, with the collection of clinical history (anamnesis) and physical examination, establishing a clinical diagnosis, and verifying the need for the electrocardiographic examination. If indicated, the examination begins with the recording of the ECG using a cardio phone, which is transmitted through a conventional telephone, cell phone, or community payphone, to the Telemedicine Center. Results: Of the 118 individuals clinically indicated for ECG-TT, 81 were from Cuiabá-MT and 37 from Pedra Preta-MT. Of this total, 42 individuals had abnormal results, with a higher frequency of abnormal exams in the smaller municipality (48.6%) compared to the larger city (29.6%). This may be due to a lower level of information and limited health services for residents of the smaller city, leading to less demand for care and undervaluation of complaints, and the greater availability of information and health services in the city with more inhabitants. Of all patients with abnormal results, 6 (14.2%) had cardiac rhythm alterations that could develop into emboli, eventually forming thrombi and resulting in IS cases. Of the patients with altered ECGs, 30 (71.4%) were referred for specialized treatment, and 2 were urgently referred for care. Conclusion: Through this research, we concluded that ECG-TT is a viable method for Family Health Units, acting both in diagnosing healthy individuals for primary prevention and in the secondary prevention of cardiopathy sequelae, such as IS. Keywords: IS, cerebral ischemia, ECG-TT, cardiac arrhythmias