COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANALGESICS IN CONTROLLING PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH TRAUMA IN THE HEAD AND NECK REGION

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.1593902301114

• Palavras-chave: Trauma. Pain assessment. Analgesia. Dipyrone. Tramadol.

• Keywords: Trauma. Pain assessment. Analgesia. Dipyrone. Tramadol.

• Abstract:

  Trauma is a serious public health problem, it is among the main causes of morbidity and mortality and its treatment shows a large proportion of injuries concentrated in the head and neck regions. Pain in trauma victims is present in up to 90% of cases, being the main complaint of patients, whose inadequate management causes damage such as increased blood pressure, heart and respiratory rates, worsening the patient's condition. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of dipyrone or paracetamol and tramadol in controlling pain in patients with head and neck trauma. A Visual Analogue Scale was used to measure pain intensity; upon admission, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the patient's hospitalization; adequacy of analgesia was assessed using the Pain Management Index (IMD) and analgesic effectiveness of medications. 100% of patients reported pain upon hospital admission; 27.78% mild pain, 61.11% moderate pain and 11.11% severe pain. The average IMD indicated 37% adequate and 63% inadequate analgesia, suggesting oligoanalgesia and undertreatment of pain. Dipyrone was effective in reducing pain intensity by 29% and not effective in 63% of the intervals analyzed, tramadol was effective in 67% and not effective in 37% of the intervals, allowing us to conclude that pain management in patients exposed to trauma in the head and neck region is a challenge, and it is important to measure pain intensity through pain assessment scales routinely, as well as using analgesia protocols to offer effective analgesia to all patients.