COLORRETAL NEOPLASIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PREVENTION, SCREENING AND TREATMENT

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.1592112220022

• Palavras-chave: Colorectal cancer. Colonoscopy. Risk factors. Tracking.

• Keywords: Colorectal cancer. Colonoscopy. Risk factors. Tracking.

• Abstract:

  Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common neoplasm worldwide, with a higher prevalence in developed countries. In recent years, data and epidemiological studies have shown an increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer in the population under 50 years of age. Although it is established in the literature on the influence of environmental risk factors such as lifestyle, obesity and alcohol consumption on the development of colorectal cancer, the mechanisms and factors that contribute to the development of early-onset colorectal cancer may be correlated with a combination of genetic factors, environmental exposure and early screening. The objective of this work was to carry out a literature review regarding the screening, prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer in the last 10 years (2011 to 2021), through a rigorous and critical selection of works for its composition. The methodology used was a systematic literature review. It is known that early detection and treatment significantly increase the possibility of recovery, and it is extremely important to analyze aspects related to the prevention, screening and treatment of colorectal cancer. Screening makes it possible to detect adenomatous and carcinomatous lesions in asymptomatic patients, and early treatment may be indicated. At first, all colorectal polyps must be removed (polypectomy) for histopathological study, through colonoscopy and after adequate colonic preparation, or flexible sigmoidoscopy. It has been shown that short-term minimally invasive surgical oncologic treatment offers lower perioperative morbidity and mortality and a lower incidence of postoperative complications. 

• Número de páginas: 15