BENEFITS OF PELVIC PHYSICAL THERAPY IN IMPROVING DYSPAREUNIA IN WOMEN DIAGNOSED WITH VAGINISMUS: An Integrative Review

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.0159682617068

• Palavras-chave: Pelvic Physical Therapy. Vaginismus. Dyspareunia. Rehabilitation.

• Keywords: Pelvic Physical Therapy. Vaginismus. Dyspareunia. Rehabilitation.

• Abstract:

  This study explored the benefits of pelvic physical therapy in improving dyspareunia in women diagnosed with vaginismus, with an emphasis on strategies used to improve quality of life. The objective of this research is to analyze the benefits of pelvic physical therapy in improving dyspareunia in women diagnosed with vaginismus, seeking to understand how physical therapy interventions contribute to pain reduction and the restoration of sexual function. This is an integrative literature review conducted using the SciELO, PubMed, LILACS, and PEDro databases, employing controlled keywords combined with Boolean operators: “Pelvic Physical Therapy” AND “Vaginismus” AND “Dyspareunia” AND “Rehabilitation” in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Analysis of the articles revealed that techniques such as kinesiotherapy, biofeedback, electrostimulation, perineal massage, Kegel exercises, and the use of vaginal dilators demonstrated positive results in reducing pain, increasing the strength and control of the pelvic floor muscles, and improving sexual function and satisfaction. Furthermore, when integrated into a multidisciplinary team comprising gynecologists and psychologists, physical therapy enhances outcomes by providing a more comprehensive and patient-centered approach. That said, it can be concluded that pelvic physical therapy has proven essential for restoring patients’ self-confidence, self-esteem, and body image—all of which are key factors in the recovery of healthy sexuality and quality of life.