EVALUATION OF SYSTEMIC ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CEREBRAL VASCULAR ACCIDENT (CVA)

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594522405068

• Palavras-chave: Stroke; Hypertension; Atherosclerosis.

• Keywords: Stroke; Hypertension; Atherosclerosis.

• Abstract:

  A stroke is when the vessels that supply blood to the brain obstruct or rupture, causing paralysis of the area of the brain that is left without blood circulation. In Brazil, the prevalence of stroke was estimated at 101,965 in 2019 and 102,812 in 2020, with a projection of 2,231,000 people affected by stroke and 568,000 disabled as a result. Point prevalence was recorded at 1.6% in men and 1.4% in women, with a higher prevalence among the elderly, individuals with less education and urban residents. Self-declared skin color showed no discernible differences in prevalence. In this context, the objective of this study was to compile the literature on the impact of stroke risk factors, to elucidate risk factors and possible interventions. Which was carried out on 530 patients, with an age group equal to or over 18 years old, with a male prevalence of approximately 49% and females 41%, depending on the general population, 19.6% showed a lack of knowledge about blood pressure. Factors that correlated with inadequate medication adherence included advanced age, male sex, rural residence, marriage, and smoking. There was no significant difference between stroke patients in knowledge about risk factors. This review corroborates that there is a benefit in some antihypertensives in reducing the event of a stroke, such as the use of ARBs and diuretics. However, advanced age, inadequate adherence to the treatment of systemic arterial hypertension, male gender and smoking are associated with risk factors. Therefore, it is necessary to more closely investigate the risk factors associated with drug classes to obtain a possible effective intervention.