EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ROBOTIC SURGERY IN THORACIC SURGERY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594622427068

• Palavras-chave: Thoracic robotic surgery, Clinical efficacy, Postoperative recovery.

• Keywords: Thoracic robotic surgery, Clinical efficacy, Postoperative recovery.

• Abstract:

  Thoracic surgery has undergone significant transformations with the introduction of robotic surgery, which stands out for its precision, reduced complications and faster recovery times. This study performed a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the effectiveness of robotic surgery in thoracic procedures. Studies that evaluated the effectiveness of robotic surgery compared to traditional and VATS techniques were included, analyzing clinical outcomes, economic and training aspects. The results showed that robotic surgery offers several clinical advantages, including a lower rate of conversion to open surgery, less intraoperative blood loss, and a significant reduction in hospitalization time. Additionally, patients reported less postoperative pain and a faster recovery. The rate of complications associated with robotic surgery was generally lower or equivalent to that of traditional techniques, with fewer infections, bleeding and respiratory complications. Mortality and morbidity associated with robotic surgery were comparable to or lower than those with conventional techniques. Despite clinical benefits, widespread adoption of robotic surgery faces challenges related to high initial costs and the need for specialized training. However, economic analyzes suggest that these costs may be offset by reduced hospitalization time and postoperative complications. Successful implementation of robotic surgery requires structured training programs that include simulation and supervised practice, as well as continuous adaptation to new technologies and staff experience. In conclusion, robotic surgery in thoracic procedures offers significant clinical and operational benefits. However, its widespread implementation will depend on overcoming economic and training challenges. With appropriate training programs and resource optimization, robotic surgery has the potential to become a standard practice in thoracic surgery, providing better outcomes for patients and greater efficiency for healthcare institutions.