TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER MORTALITY IN THE BRAZILIAN STATE OF THE AMAZON REGION; AMAPÁ (2012-2021)

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594742408086

• Palavras-chave: esophageal cancer; mortality; risk factors; epidemiology; temporal trend.

• Keywords: esophageal cancer; mortality; risk factors; epidemiology; temporal trend.

• Abstract:

  Goal: This study aims to analyze the temporal trend of mortality from esophageal cancer between 2012 and 2021 in a state in the Amazon region of Brazil: the state of Amapá. Methods: This time series included the mortality rate from esophageal cancer, by year, according to location, by federative unit, reported in the Online Atlas of Mortality of the National Cancer Institute (INCA), from 2012 to 2021. The search followed the underlying cause coded in the ICD-10 Category in C15 (malignant neoplasm of the esophagus). The data extracted from the information system were for the variables: year of occurrence (2012-2021), sex (male and female) and age group (30-39; 40-49; 50-59; 60-69; equal to or greater than 80). Results: the study in the State of Amapá between 2012 and 2021 recorded 103 deaths from esophageal cancer, predominantly among men (90.3%) and in the age group of 60-69 years (33.01%). The average mortality rate was alarming, reaching 3,116 per 100,000 inhabitants, with significant variation over time. Men had an average mortality rate 5.63 higher than that of women (0.601). Conclusion: Temporal analyses revealed an increase in the mortality rate from esophageal cancer in Amapá, while in Brazil there was an opposite trend, indicating advances in preventive measures and treatments at the national level. The association between alcoholism and esophageal cancer highlights the need for public policies and effective interventions to reduce these risks, indicating the importance of continuous epidemiological surveillance and the implementation of preventive strategies to control cases of esophageal cancer in the population. Evidence of the need for targeted interventions in relation to esophageal cancer is a premise for the formulation of public health policies adapted to the specific characteristics of each region.