EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE INCIDENCE OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OF THE PROSTATE IN THE LAST 10 YEARS IN BRAZIL, WITH A FOCUS ON THE SOUTH REGION

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594452414053

• Palavras-chave: Cancer; Prostate; Epidemiology.

• Keywords: Cancer; Prostate; Epidemiology.

• Abstract:

  Prostate cancer, according to INCA (National Cancer Institute) is the second most common type of malignant neoplasm that affects men, with the highest number of cases, only after non-melanoma skin cancer. Thus, it is recognized as one of the main public health problems in Brazil, given its magnitude in male morbidity and mortality. According to DATASUS (Informatics Department of the Unified Health System), the state of Rio Grande do Sul has the fifth highest number of cases in Brazil from 2013 to 2022, and has an incidence rate of 1,124 cases for every 100,000 inhabitants. Goal: This article aims to evaluate the epidemiological profile of the incidence of prostate malignancy in the last 10 years, focusing on the southern region of Brazil. Methodology: The data used were obtained from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), available for consultation in the DATASUS database (Informatics Department of the Unified Health System). Different variables were analyzed, including the number of cases of malignant prostate neoplasia in different regions of Brazil, covering the period from January/2013 to December/2022. Results: Analyzing the national scenario in relation to malignant prostate neoplasia between 2013-2022, the disease had a total of 316,625 cases diagnosed in this period in Brazil. The results showed a gradual increase in the number of diagnosed cases of malignant prostate neoplasia in Brazil, which went from 26,329 in 2013 to 38,755 in 2022, which represents an increase of 31.5% in diagnoses of the disease. In the southern region of the country, there were 4,713 cases diagnosed in 2013 and 6,208 cases in 2022, an increase of 31.7% in the number of cases of the disease in the last 10 years, remaining at the national average. In the same time period of 10 years, 52,722 cases were registered in the southern region of the country, equivalent to 16.65% of overall cases. 
  Of these 52,722 cases, Rio Grande do Sul was the state with the highest number of cases, with 21,704, followed by Paraná with 19,778 and Santa Catarina with 11,240. Furthermore, the capitals of the respective states, which hold around 12.14% of the region's population according to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), represented a total of 21% of the total cases diagnosed in the region in the last 10 years, with 11,546. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that there has been a gradual increase in the incidence of malignant prostate neoplasia in the last 10 years, with an increase in diagnoses of 31.5% across the country and 31.7% in the southern region. The highlight of Rio Grande do Sul, as one of the states with the highest incidence rate, highlights the need for special attention in relation to the disease in the state. The role of capitals in housing only around 12% of the population and contributing to around 21% in diagnoses highlights the importance of urban awareness and easier access to exams.