ANALYSIS OF THE NON-TARIFF MEASURES PRACTICED BY CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES ON BRAZILIAN EXPORTS OF THE MEAT COMPLEX

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.216502503014

• Palavras-chave: Non-tariff measures; Brazilian meat complex; Coverage and frequency indices; Dispute Settlement Body; China and USA.

• Keywords: Non-tariff measures; Brazilian meat complex; Coverage and frequency indices; Dispute Settlement Body; China and USA.

• Abstract:

  The aim of this paper is to analyze the incidence of non-tariff measures imposed by China and the United States on Brazilian exports of the main products in its meat complex (beef, pork and poultry). By calculating the coverage and frequency indices for the period from 2011 to 2022, the number of notifications and punishments applied to the products mentioned was verified, taking into account 12 types of non-tariff measures. The results show a significant number of notifications of barriers  trade by China and the US, especially on beef and poultry from Brazil, with sanitary and phytosanitary measures as the main justifications. In addition, the analysis pointed to a possible inconsistency between the number of notifications and the effective punishments, suggesting the need for a review and greater effectiveness in the actions of the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on possible unfair practices carried out by the Chinese and Americans on the items of the Brazilian meat complex analyzed.