ANALYSIS OF HPV MORBIDITY BEFORE AND AFTER IMPLEMENTATION OF VACCINATION IN BRAZIL: AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.1593982328112

• Palavras-chave: Human Papilloma Virus; Cervix; Vaccination.

• Keywords: Human Papilloma Virus; Cervix; Vaccination.

• Abstract:

  INTRODUCTION: Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are transmitted mainly through unprotected sexual intercourse. In women, it is related to cervical cancer (CCC) – the fourth most common type of cancer in this population. Since 2014, the National Immunization Program has implemented the quadrivalent HPV vaccine, currently targeting boys and girls aged 9 and 14 and people aged 9 to 45 with special clinical conditions. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the behavior of HPV morbidity before and after the start of vaccination in Brazil. METHODOLOGY: This study is observational, descriptive, analytical, retrospective and has a quantitative approach, with data collection in the IT Department of the Unified Health System. The number of CC cases in Brazil and in the regions in the pre- and post-vaccination, as well as the doses of HPV vaccines applied and the amounts spent on the pathology. RESULTS: In the pre-vaccination period, the morbidity rate in Brazil and the North, Northeast, Central-West, South and Southeast regions were, respectively, 88/100,000 inhabitants, 56.9/100,000, 86.6/100,000, 88,2/100,000, 133.4/100,000 and 79.5/100,000, while in the post-vaccination period they were 80.2/100,000, 71.7/100,000, 77.6/100,000, 83.6/100,000, 106, 4/100,000 and 74.2/100,000, respectively. DISCUSSION: Research data revealed that the morbidity rate due to CC in the pre- and post-vaccination period is quite variable, with an increase in the North region and a decrease in Brazil and other regions. It was also observed that the South region significantly exceeds the national average morbidity standard, while in the analyzed interval this rate decreases by approximately 20%. CONCLUSION: A reduction in the prevalence of HPV morbidity was observed in Brazil, suggesting that prevention strategies, such as the vaccine, have generated a positive impact over the years. However, unlike the other regions, the morbidity rate in the North region increased in the post-vaccination period, even with the highest vaccination coverage.