ADAPTOGENS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC STRESS AND BURNOUT: PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES AND CLINICAL EVIDENCE

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.0159662611051

• Palavras-chave: Adaptogens; Burnout; Chronic stress; Phytotherapy..

• Keywords: Adaptogens; Burnout; Chronic stress; Phytotherapy.

• Abstract:

  Burnout is a syndrome associated with chronic occupational stress, characterized by exhaustion, detachment from work, and a reduced sense of professional efficacy. Its effects extend beyond the workplace and may involve changes in sleep, mood, cognition, immunity, and quality of life, and are associated with persistent activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, the autonomic nervous system, and inflammatory pathways. In this context, adaptogens have attracted interest as natural substances, primarily plant-based, capable of modulating physiological responses to stress. The objective of this study was to critically review the physiological foundations of chronic stress and burnout, as well as to synthesize evidence regarding the use of Rhodiola rosea, Withania somnifera, and Panax ginseng in the management of fatigue, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and psychophysiological overload. This is an integrative literature review with a qualitative and critical approach, based on clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and mechanistic studies found in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, incorporating classic references when necessary for conceptual grounding. The evidence suggests that adaptogens may offer complementary benefits, particularly in reducing fatigue, perceived stress, mild anxiety, and improving sleep. However, the studies still have limitations, such as small sample sizes, short duration, heterogeneity of extracts, and a predominance of subjective outcomes. It is concluded that adaptogens are promising resources, but they should be used with caution, under professional supervision, and integrated with psychosocial, clinical, and occupational strategies.