THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES AND RESULTS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF INTRAMEDULLARY SPINAL CORD TUMORS: AN UPDATED REVIEW

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1595725210111

• Palavras-chave: Intramedullary tumors; Spinal cord neoplasms; Spinal cord tumors; Surgical treatment.

• Keywords: Intramedullary tumors; Spinal cord neoplasms; Spinal cord tumors; Surgical treatment.

• Abstract:

  To evaluate the most effective clinical presentations, diagnostic methods and therapeutic approaches in the management of intramedullary spinal cord tumors, as well as to analyze the impact of these interventions on functional outcomes and associated complications. Methodology: A narrative literature review was carried out, analyzing articles selected from PubMed databases. Discussion: The research highlighted the importance of advanced neuroimaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging, in the accurate diagnosis of these tumors. The efficacy of surgical treatments was analyzed, considering factors such as tumor location, histological type and preoperative functional status. Surgical resection remains the gold standard for low-grade tumors, while radiotherapy is reserved for specific cases. Discussion: Early diagnosis and individualized treatment are key to optimizing functional prognosis, reducing postoperative complications and improving long-term clinical outcomes. Less invasive surgical approaches, such as lateral hemilaminectomy and intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), have shown efficacy in reducing operative risks. Final considerations: Despite surgical and diagnostic advances, challenges remain, such as persistent neurological deficits, chronic pain and functional restrictions, reinforcing the need for ongoing rehabilitation and psychological support. Further prospective studies are needed to reduce bias, control variables and foster new effective therapeutic approaches.