PHYSIOTHERAPIST APPROACH TO NEWBORNS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE ADMITTED TO NEONATAL UNITS

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.15953325201114

• Palavras-chave: congenital heart disease; physical therapists; newborns.

• Keywords: congenital heart disease; physical therapists; newborns.

• Abstract:

  Objective: The aim of this study is to understand the approach taken by physical therapists treating newborns with congenital heart disease admitted to neonatal units. Methodology: This is a descriptive, quantitative study conducted between January and October 2025 in hospitals and maternity wards in Fortaleza, Ceará. Data collection was performed using an adapted and structured online questionnaire addressing issues related to professional profile, participation in training, and aspects related to knowledge and physiotherapy practice in neonates with congenital heart disease. Data analysis used categorical variables, presented in percentages and counts, and numerical variables expressed by measures of central tendency, with the aim of understanding the role of physical therapy in newborns with congenital heart disease. The study followed ethical principles, ensuring the confidentiality of information and respect for participants. Results: Fifty-nine professionals participated, predominantly women (94.9%, N=56), with 45.8% (N=27) having specialization. Regarding the physiotherapy techniques performed, there was a preference for passive limb mobilization and bronchial clearance maneuvers. On the other hand, respiratory monitoring and adjustments were performed frequently by 94.9% (N=56) of the professionals, while only 5.1% (N=3) stated that they did not use them. About 43 (72.9%) of the professionals stated that they integrated the medical report into their clinical practice. Conclusion: The study showed good consolidated respiratory practices, highlighting the fundamental role of the physical therapist, although there are still gaps in motor intervention and technical training in view of the specificities of neonates with heart disease.