A LITERATURE REVIEW ON: PIRIFORMIS SYNDROME AND ITS CAUSES

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.1592502229086

• Palavras-chave: Piriformis Syndrome, Piriformis Muscle, Piriformis Muscle Syndrome diagnosis, Sciatica.

• Keywords: Piriformis Syndrome, Piriformis Muscle, Piriformis Muscle Syndrome diagnosis, Sciatica.

• Abstract:

  The piriformis muscle, located on the posterior wall of the lesser pelvis, is an essential structure for the study of the pelvic region. It originates on the pelvic surface of the sacrum (second to fourth vertebrae), ilium, and sacrotuberous ligament. The anatomical relationships that the sciatic nerve maintains during its passage through the greater sciatic foramen make it susceptible to injuries and painful symptoms, through compression or pinching of the nerve by the piriformis muscle, which may originate from anatomical variations and pathophysiological conditions, characterizing the Syndrome of Piriformis (SP) which is a neuromuscular disorder, caused by compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve, in its relationship with the Piriformis muscle. The incidence of this piriformis syndrome is reported in the literature as prevalent in female patients. GOAL: The objective of the present review is to carry out a systematic and panoramic reading of the published works on Piriformis Syndrome. The aim of this work is to specifically assess which are the main etiological factors that cause the syndrome. METHODOLOGY: the methodology used consists of a literature review about the piriformis muscle syndrome, through a bibliographic research, emphasizing aspects related to age, sex and the determining factors of causes. : Piriformis Syndrome, Piriformis Muscle, Piriformis Muscle Syndrome diagnosis, Sciatica. When accessing the database, 53 articles were found, relating to the last five years (2013 to 2022). And, after careful reading, 2 books and 35 articles were selected, 19 of which refer to case reports and were used for data collection.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: In view of the data, there is a predominance of PS in women, in 65% of cases. Regarding the causes, there is a codominance between anatomical variations and ergonomic injuries, totaling 52.16%. The predominant age group is between 17 and 43 years old, in 56.52% of cases.  CONCLUSION: Of the 19 articles used, 80% were published in the last 3 years, indicating an increase in cases and frequency of analysis. As for the causes of PS, there was a prevalence of anatomical variations and ergonomic problems (26.08% each).

• Número de páginas: 12