PARKINSON'S DISEASE, ITS NEUROBIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS AND PROCEDURES NEUROCIURGICALS: a literature review

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1594952423107

• Palavras-chave: Parkinson's Disease; Deep Brain Stimulation; Abdominal Vagotomy

• Keywords: Parkinson's Disease; Deep Brain Stimulation; Abdominal Vagotomy

• Abstract:

  The main aim of this article is to carry out a literature review and contribute to future research into new treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD). Therefore, through the literature review, we sought to portray the importance and understanding of the patient with PD, an individual who carries an important stigma and various complications associated with the pathology and treatment, in addition to describing and discussing advances in surgical treatment in PD, reporting updated techniques in original articles and case reports in scientific databases in the last 4 years. The original articles were selected from the following scientific databases: LILACS, Frontiers, Scielo, Nature and Medline. The pathophysiology of PD is the formation of aggregates of α-synuclein (α-syn), a neuronal and glial protein that aggregates to insoluble fibrils and causes the formation of Lewy bodies, which leads to the patient being affected in various areas, involving neurogenetic issues, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS), the enteric nervous system (ENS) and the immune system. With regard to the treatment of PD, surgical approaches are used to establish disease modifications in PD. ECP is characterized by the implantation of electrodes with direct electric current that promotes the improvement of PD symptoms, it is a technique used to control symptoms such as: tremor, dyskinesia, fluctuations, dystonia, therefore, it has become the main stereotactic technique. Among the neurosurgical and biological techniques discussed, it can be concluded that CSE was an important technique with the greatest impact, showing relief mainly of motor symptoms in patients who no longer respond to pharmacological treatment.